What is defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution?

The term that is specifically defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution is molarity. Molarity is a fundamental concept in chemistry, particularly in solutions, as it directly relates the amount of solute to the volume of the solvent in which it is dissolved. Expressed mathematically, molarity (M) is calculated using the formula:

M = moles of solute / liters of solution.

This measurement allows chemists to prepare solutions with precise concentrations, which is crucial for conducting experiments, reactions, and analyses in both research and industrial applications.

In contrast, density refers to mass per unit volume and does not specifically relate to the concentration of solute in a solution. Concentration is a broader term that can refer to various ways of expressing the amount of solute in a solution, but when specifically discussing moles per liter, the term molarity is more accurate. Volume pertains to the space that a substance occupies and is not a direct measure of solute concentration.