Which term is commonly used to describe the introduction of naked DNA into a cell?

The term commonly used to describe the introduction of naked DNA into a cell is transfection. This process involves delivering DNA into a cell without the use of a virus or other vector, allowing for the cells to take up the genetic material directly. Transfection is particularly important in genetic engineering and biotechnology, as it enables researchers to study gene function and protein expression by manipulating the genetic composition of cells.

Transfection can be performed through various methods, such as electroporation or lipofection, which facilitate the uptake of DNA. This method is distinct from transformation, which usually refers to the uptake of DNA in prokaryotic cells (like bacteria), and transduction, which involves the transfer of DNA into a cell via a virus. Integration refers to the incorporation of DNA into the genome of the host cell, which may occur after transfection but is not synonymous with the initial introduction of DNA. Understanding this terminology is crucial for anyone studying biotechnology and its applications in research and medicine.